How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, however it can affect adults as well. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can improve their life.
An assessment for ADHD may involve interviewing the patient and their family members. The specialist may review old school records to determine if symptoms began as a child.
Signs and symptoms
ADHD is a condition that affects work, school and family life. Everyone struggles with concentration and focusing at times. To be considered to have the disorder, someone must exhibit severe symptoms in at least two of these areas and demonstrate that the symptoms significantly hinder daily functioning. The symptoms must have been present for a minimum of six months.
To establish a diagnosis doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and inquire about their family history and medical problems. They can also use rating scales to assess a adult's or child's symptoms. These questionnaires are based off of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These include questions about symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and the tendency to be impulsive.
In adult patients, doctors may ask to speak with a significant other or people who are familiar with the patient. This is not meant to challenge the patient's honesty but to gain a better understanding of their behavior that isn't obtained from an interview. They might inquire about their childhood behaviors and consult old school records in order to determine if the symptoms started before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will perform physical examinations and tests in the lab to rule out other health issues, like head injuries or thyroid issues that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also go over a person's medication list. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and specific medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other issues. This is the reason it's crucial for adults to talk to their primary care physicians in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, the symptoms must be evident in at least two places (such as home, school and at work) and affect the functioning of the individual. They must also have started before the age of 12, and the impairment must not be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A psychiatrist or a mental health professional will employ a variety of tools during the assessment which include ADHD symptoms checklists and standardized scales for assessing behavior and a detailed medical history. They may also interview family members and friends to see how the person's symptoms have affected them. They will also ask if there are any other physical or mental conditions that have similar symptoms.
The evaluators will look at whether the symptoms are mild or severe. They will also review the medical history of the patient and family history to ensure there is no root cause of their problems such as thyroid issues and head injuries, as well as medication.
In some cases, the evaluator might want to conduct cognitive testing or request the person take an imaging test in order to rule out other causes for their symptoms like learning disabilities. People with these issues often appear differently than those without these problems. Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive symptoms, whereas girls show inattentive ones.
A few people suffering from ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical trial to test new treatments. While this is an excellent opportunity to contribute to further research, it's important for participants to know that the purpose behind these studies is to acquire scientific knowledge and do not necessarily ensure that they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more details about clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect that you may have ADHD, find a professional who is qualified to identify the disorder. Contact your health insurance provider to find out if ADHD specialists are covered. You can also seek referrals from family doctors or other health professionals. Word-of mouth recommendations are also a good option.
A doctor will talk to the patient -or their parents in the case of children -- about symptoms. She may use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and request details from other people in the person's life, like spouses and family members. Personal experience often reveals more than can be discovered from questionnaires.
A specialist will also need to examine any records that the person may have, particularly old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually dependent on the past of a person. To be diagnosed the symptoms must be present from the age of a child (technically, before the age 12).
A physical exam is also usually done. It is a way to identify any other medical problems that could be responsible for symptoms, like thyroid problems or seizure disorders. A neurological exam is typically performed by a specialist to test motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, designed to measure abilities and intelligence, may be used as well. In addition the person could be asked to complete simple computer tasks that evaluate memory and attention. This can help an expert determine if a person is hyperactive or not. The specialist will determine the best treatment plan and then make an assessment. Treatment plans typically consist of therapy and medication. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can aid children and adults in learning healthy coping strategies and alter negative thinking patterns. The therapy can be offered by a primary doctor or a mental healthcare professional who is an expert in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD get better by taking medication. However it is not the only treatment for the condition. Children, teenagers and adults are also able to benefit from psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or the combination of both. These therapies help them cope and learn to live with their ADHD symptoms. They may also include psychoeducation, which is an education about ADHD and methods to manage it. They could include family members, teachers and professionals.
It's crucial to find a mental health professional or health care provider who has experience in treating ADHD. You can ask other people who suffer from ADHD for suggestions or refer to a mental health practitioner you trust. You can also conduct an online search. It is recommended to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To diagnose ADHD, the health care provider will ask about your or your child's symptoms and problems caused by the condition. They will conduct an examination of the body and look for any other health conditions that may cause similar symptoms. They will go over your your child's medical and family information, school records and other reports.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults can be a bit more difficult due to the fact that the symptoms Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are mostly geared toward diagnosing children. Your health care provider may interview you or your children about their symptoms and have other people who spend lots of time with them fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as the methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine and atomoxe, as well nonstimulants such atomoxetine as well as certain antidepressants. They work by boosting levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD also have comorbid disorders, such as anxiety or depression. The treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy that teaches skills such as managing time and tasks and emotional self-regulation.
Therapists can also help patients manage their symptoms by making lifestyle adjustments. For example, a regular exercise routine can reduce hyperactivity and increase concentration. adhd adults diagnosis uk is important; people with ADHD tend to eat more sugar and fat, and eat fewer vegetables and fruits than other people. Making family and social relationships a priority can reduce stress and make individuals feel more in charge of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can help children and adults better understand their challenges. For instance, a child suffering from ADHD might have difficulty communicating their demands to peers and teachers, but when a teacher realizes that it's not due to personal issues or to a lack of motivation, accommodations can be implemented.
A professional doing an ADHD evaluation will ask questions specific to the individual's age, ask questions of teachers and relatives and review medical records and look for comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms first started before age school records can be helpful for adults.
The doctor will also look for any vision or hearing problems. They might also conduct an examination of the blood to check for certain hormones, and other health issues that could cause ADHD-like signs and symptoms.